> Goldberg
Variations music: J.S.Bach
and computer music transcription by Pietro Grossi (Soft
TAUMUS synthesizer TAU2, IBM 370/168) Institutes
of CNR CNUCE and IEI - Pisa, Italy 1980
> Circus
4HomeArt
Qbasic graphics software by Pietro Grossi - Music
software *autom@tedMusic
*autom@ted_VisualMusiC_
4.0 planned
and realized by Sergio Maltagliati. The
images, composed with reference
to precise sound/sign/colour
correspondeces, follow the
changes of the music and they
are proposed through "autom@tedVisualMusic" software.
This program can be configured
to create random multiple visual-music
variations, starting from a
simple sonorous/visual cell.
It generates a new and original
audio-visual composition each
time the play is clicked.
Software
autom@tedVisualMusiC from experiences
of the visual programs realized
from Grossi in the years '80, written
in the language BBC Basic with
computer Acorn Archimedes A310.
In the middle of the Eighties,
he has started a series of researches
concerning computer graphics. The
HomeArt term coined by himself.
ALFABETI
1998 original screenshot by Grossi
Pietro
Grossi was
a cellist and composer, born in
Venice in 1917. He founded the
S 2F M (Studio de Fonologia Musicale
di Firenze) in 1963 in order to
experiment with electronic sound
and composition, basing his work
on explorations of very reduced
material until his death in 2002.
Pietro Grossi is acknowledged as a major figure in the development of
Italian electronic music. He taught at the Florence Conservatory of Music
for much of his career, experimenting with instrumental and electroacoustic
music, and during the 1960s was involved in the establishment of several
bodies for the advancement of new modes of composition.
Minimalist
before the Minimalists, pioneer of
Computer Music, visual artist and hacker
ahead of the time. This was Pietro
Grossi, a larger-than-life Italian
and composer who questioned the concept
of musical authorship the idea of personal
artistic expression: "A piece
is not only a 'work' (of art), but
also one of the many 'works' one can
freely transform: everything is temporary,
everything can change at any time. "Ideas
are not personal anymore, they are
opened to every solution, everybody
could use them". This experience
of electronic art comes from Grossi’s
desire to express himself in the field
of graphics too, following the same
principles used for his computer music
creations. This kind of art allows
the artist to work at home, thanks
to a personal computer, and his house
becomes like a gallery at home.
The HomeArt (term coined by himself) project is particularly relevant:
it consists of completely automated visual processes, based on simple
computer programs, where he gives space to randomness in the context
of a single compositive idea, developed into many different graphic
variations, and it was presented for the first time at the Venice Biennial
Exhibition, “New Atlantis: The Continent of Electronic Music
in 1986.
MANIFESTO
OF HOMEART
HomeArt,
by way of the personal computer,
raises the artistic aspirations
and potential latent in each
one of us to the highest
level of autonomous decision
making conceivable today.
The
home,one's own space, privacy, can be shaped
and reshaped according to the dictates
of one's own fantasy with the help of "artificial
fantasy". The "friendly" use
of a personal computer is stimulus enough
for action and moreover, it will be the
working way of the future.
"THE
COMPUTER FREES US OF OUR NEIGHBOR'S GENIUS
AND DEVELOPS OUR OWN" The slogan is
beginning to show interesting results.
Short
description of an experience :
I
sit at my personal computer and I inizialize
it.
I transfer a program on diskette to its memory and I run it.
I use the processor (sign,color,sound) for aesthetic purposes and when
I decide the time is right.
I interrupt the process.
I end the experiment or I make changes suggested to me by the results
or that merely came to mind.
I
work by myself and for myself :
I
accept the instrument at my disposal,I
analyze what it will let me do, and within
those limits, I work.
The
unequalled reliability,dexterity,speed
and fantasy of even the simplest computers
cancel century old problems and inspire
me to explore further and further this
new terrain. The immediate answer encourages
the study of new solutions.
As
a matter of personal inclination ,I mostly
design programs with unlimited processing,and,
whitin my own limits and with what the
machine allows me, with coefficients of
variability sufficient to keep my interest
high or,in any case, not let it wane.
The
satisfaction as far as personal interest
are concerned comes in the essence of the
operation I am describing. It is a sort
of artistic privacy that does not wait
for or require, but instead ignores,the
reaction of others. The only meaningful
reaction is my own;it is the only that
determines down which path my personal
fantasy will venture. .
This
is, or could be,HOMEART: mental relaxation
but, paradoxically, a commitment to the
creation of one's own place of rest/work/
study with sound, sign, color. HOMEART
is my latest experiment in the nascent
universe of "intelligent" systems.Like
previous experiments,it is a way of becoming
acqainted with and seeing the life of "artificial
fantasy" from within as well as according
the logic and law "others".HOMEART
is a path among the many which art will
follow and may well become a part of the
self operating home or environment of the
future.
Pietro
Grossi (1986)
I
M A G E S for
L I S T E N I N G
IMAGES FOR LISTENING
a study on the sound-color relationship and on
the possibility of
translating chromatic vibrations into sound vibrations.
Listening to
color; watching music; the color of sound; visual
music. Painters
and musicians, and
more recently multimedia artists, have been looking
(directly or indirectly) for the relationships
existing between colors and sounds, images and
music. The
visual and sound universes obey to different
physical laws, insomuch that the mutuality or
the influence
between these two worlds cannot take place on
the same plane. Both are particular, a relationship
between
the two of them can only be of a structural nature.
The musician works with the seven notes of the
scale, painters have used seven colors (spectrum
of the
light divided into seven basic chromaticities
after Newton). Sounds can be measured in frequencies
and
colors in wave frequencies. The two frequencies
are perfectly compatible and one can therefore,
speculate
on a scientific reconversion, stating beforehand
that sight and hearing use different languages
and that sound principles are not at all like
those of
colors. The two frequencies (height of a sound
and tone of a color) do not follow the same laws
and,
anyway, music takes place in time and painting
in space.
Every color bears an inner sound and an emotional
charge able to make the spectator’s soul
vibrate. We can speak in the same way of the
effect of sound:
in the moment in which we listen to a musical
passage, whether it is produced by an orchestra
or by a
single instrument or it is an environmental
noise, the final
effect will be both physical and psychic. We
can find parallel features in the organization
of both
arts, in both the sound and the visual languages,
in the following common ranges:
VARIATION: musical variation
consists in drawing an extension, an embellishment,
a prolongation
in time and space out of a simple melodic line.
A variation, whether it is melodic or harmonic,
can be visually compared to a graphic line
modified with
signs or drawings . The drawn line, although
visually beautiful, will not of necessity acquire
the corresponding
sound level, once translated into notes or
into the sound language.
TIME: space and time can take
on the same functions in music and images,
but they can also be extremely
different. In fact, when we look at an image,
we can have, in that instant, a global perception
of
the work. In music, instead, only when the
work is over, we can evaluate it.
SCORE: The graphics of the
notes written on the score can resemble a graphic
work. The equivalent
of the
spatial disposition of the sounds (and notes)
represents the sound register, treble, medium
and bass or thick
or thin. Space can also be connected to the
visualization of speed (rhythm): a slow tempo
will mirror a
thin, rarefied graphic plot, an almost empty
space. The
time will be fast with very serried graphs
and a dense space.
Such deductions can be translated from the
visual field into the sound world only if
you set the
correspondence between these two levels on
a very elaborate structural
plane. My programautom@tedVisualMusiC aims,
besides keeping into account all the historical
researches
(from Arcimboldi to Kandinsky), to establish
a relationship between the inner sound of
each color and the sound
voice that form and matter produce, with
the purpose of composing a graphic-visual
score,
thus composing
visual sound works, taking the spectator
to a
sound and visual play that brings about a
multi-sensory perception.
The visual, sound and musical singularities
will be kept, forms and colors, sounds and
musical
instruments, will be able to subsist, blending
and yet keeping
their own autonomy, and will both express
a complete meaning. As far as the visual
part
is concerned
I was inspired by the research of painter
Luigi Veronesi
and on behalf the musical part by the (programs)
of Pietro Grossi.